中国微咸水利用的地区和作物适应性研究进展

The Variation of Salt-tolerance of Crops in Different Regions Irrigated with Brackish Water in China

随着经济的高速发展以及人口的不断增长,水资源短缺问题日趋严峻。如何高效利用水资源,寻求更多的水源成为当今的热门话题。利用微咸水进行农业灌溉是缓解水资源矛盾的有效途径,适当的微咸水利用还有利于地下水资源的更新,对淡水存储以及生态环境建设与保护也有十分重要的意义。中国各地区气候、土壤以及微咸水利用方式各不相同,同时作物在耐盐性方面表现出较大的差异。兹总结了中国不同地区盐碱化的成因、不同地区微咸水利用状况和相应的水盐调控措施,以及不同耐盐性作物对微咸水灌溉的响应差异,以期为中国微咸水合理开发利用提供一些参考。

With rapid economic development and population growth, water shortage has become a serious concern in many regions in China. How to improve water use efficiency the reuse what were classified as brackish water has attracted increased attentions across the world. Irrigation using brackish water in crop production is an effective way to ameliorate freshwater shortage, and an appropriate use of brackish water can also enhance recharge of groundwater by freshwater, which plays an important role in alleviating freshwater storage and constructing sustainable ecological systems. Climate, soil and brackish water usage in China vary widely, and crops also show a great difference in their tolerance against salt stress. In this paper, we analyzed brackish water usage in different regions of China and their management, genesis of salt-affected soils, as well as the difference between salt-tolerance crops in their response to brackish water irrigation. These could provide references and guidance for rational exploitation and utilization of the brackish water.