河口区重点人群碘营养状况调查

Investigation on iodine nutrition status of key population in Hekou district

目的调查河口区8～10岁儿童、孕妇碘营养状况及家庭食用盐碘水平,为重点人群科学补碘提供依据。方法在河口区按照东、南、西、北、中5个方位各取1个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇(街道)抽取1个小学,每个小学抽取40名8～10岁儿童,进行尿碘、食用盐碘和甲状腺肿大率监测,所抽乡镇(街道)随机抽取20名孕妇,进行尿碘、食用盐碘水平检测,共检测儿童200名、孕妇100名。结果 8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数187.30μg/L,为碘适宜水平,孕妇尿碘中位数为106.60μg/L,为碘摄入不足。8～10岁儿童盐碘均值为12.07mg/kg,孕妇盐碘均值为17.54mg/kg,均低于山东省现行碘含量最新标准18mg/kg～33mg/kg,不同乡镇(街道)8～10岁儿童、孕妇尿碘水平差异有统计学意义(χ~2=26.79,P<0.05),8～10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为零。结论 8～10岁儿童碘营养状况处于适宜水平,甲状腺肿大率控制在低水平,达到国家碘缺乏病消除标准。孕妇碘营养水平低,存在摄入不足。碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率均低于国家碘缺乏病消除指标,需要进一步落实碘缺乏病防治措施,在继续以食用碘盐为主的防控措施基础上,指导不同人群科学补碘。

Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition status of children aged from 8 to 10 years old,pregnant women,the level of iodine in the household in Hekou district,provide basis for scientific iodine supplementation for key population.Methods In Hekou district,a town(street)was selected according to the east,south,west,north,medium,a primary school was extracted from each of the town(street),40 children aged from 8 to 10 years old from each primary school were selected.Urinary iodine,edible salt iodine and thyroid enlargement were monitored.Twenty pregnant women were selected from each town,urine iodine and edible iodized salt level were tested.Totally 200 children and 100 pregnant women were detected.Results The median urine iodine number of children aged from 8 to 10 years old was 187.30μg/L,it was the appropriate level,and the median of urine iodine in pregnant women was 106.60μg/L,which was insufficient for iodine intake.The mean value of salt iodine for children aged from 8 to 10 years old was 12.07 mg/kg.Averages of pregnant women was 17.54 mg/kg,those were lower than the current latest standard from 18 to 33 mg/kg of Shandong province.There were statistically significant differences in urinary iodine levels between children aged from 8 to 10 years old and pregnant women in different towns(streets)(χ~2=26.79,P<0.05),the rate of 200 children’s goiter was 0.Conclusion The iodine nutrition status of children aged from 8 to 10 years old is at the appropriate level,the thyroid swelling rate is controlled at a low level,reaching the national standard for the elimination of iodine deficiency diseases(IDD).Iodine nutrition and intake of pregnant women are at low levels.Iodized salt coverage rate,qualified iodized salt consumption rate are lower than the national IDD elimination index,it need to further implement the IDD prevention and control measures,on the basis of the consumption of iodized salt,guiding different populations’ scientific using of iodine.