三峡库区万州段2016-2017年农村生活饮用水水质现况调查

Analysis of rural drinking water quality in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region,2016-2017

目的了解三峡库区万州段农村饮用水水质情况,为农村安全饮用水改水工程提供科学依据。方法 2016-2017年,对三峡库区万州段农村饮用水监测点的380份水质样品进行检测,并对结果进行分析。结果 2016年监测点水质样品合格率为71.67%,2017年为40.50%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10.607,P<0.05)。2016年枯水期合格率为48.89%,丰水期合格率为65.56%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.107,P<0.05);枯水期和丰水期游离余氯指标差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.365,P<0.05)。2017年枯水期合格率为34.00%,丰水期合格率为47.00%;枯水期和丰水期游离余氯、菌落总数差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.735,P<0.05)。2016年出厂水合格率为58.89%,末梢水合格率为55.56%,其差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.204,P>0.05)。2017年出厂水合格率为47.00%,末梢水合格率为34.00%,其差异无统计学意义(χ~2=3.507,P>0.05)。结论三峡库区万州段农村饮用水水质2017年较2016年差,主要为微生物和消毒剂指标不合格,农村地区饮用水水质情况不容乐观,需加强对农村饮水工程的投入及监管。

Objective To understand the quality of drinking water in rural areas of Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region and provide scientific basis for rural drinking water safety water supply project.Methods Three hundred and eighty water samples from rural drinking water monitoring sites in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region during 2016 and 2017 were tested and the results was analyzed.Results The pass rate of water quality samples at monitoring sites in 2016 was 71.67 %,and 40.50 % in 2017.There was statistical difference in the qualified rate of water quality during 2016 and 2017(χ~2=10.607,P<0.05).The pass rate in the dry season in 2016 was 48.89 %,and the pass rate in the flood season was 65.56 %with a statistical difference(χ~2=5.107,P<0.05);there was a statistical difference in the index of free residual chlorine between dry season and flood season(χ~2=7.365,P<0.05).The pass rate in dry period was 34.00 % in 2017 and that was 47.00 % in flood period with statistical significant difference(χ~2=4.735,P<0.05)in total number of free residual chlorine and colonies between in dry period and flood period.The pass rate of the factory water from waterwork was 58.89 %,and the pass rate of the end water was 55.56 % without statistical difference between them in 2016(χ~2=0.204,P>0.05);the pass rate of the factory water was 47.00 %,and the pass rate of the end water was 34.00 % with no statistical difference in 2017 of them(χ~2=3.507,P>0.05).Conclusion The water quality of rural drinking water in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region in 2017 is less than that in 2016,mainly for the unqualified microorganism and disinfectant.The water quality of drinking water in rural areas is not optimistic.It is necessary to strengthen the investment and supervision of rural drinking water project.