温州市中小学生贫血现状及其发育状况影响研究

Prevalence of anemia and its impact on development in primary and secondary school students in Wenzhou

目的探讨温州市中小学生贫血的分布情况及发育状况。方法 2017年1—12月,调查温州市中小学生共9 780人,采用全自动血细胞分析仪检测学生的血红蛋白,测量其身高、体重,同时进行营养不良筛查。结果 2017年温州市中小学生贫血的发病率为5.01%,轻度贫血与中度贫血分别占4.96%、0.05%,农村与城市、男生与女生之间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);贫血组学生消瘦的检出率明显高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.814,P<0.05);贫血组学生的超重、肥胖检出率明显低于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);贫血组学生的身高、BMI及体重均值均明显低于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论温州市2017年中小学生贫血发病率较低,但贫血学生的发育状况需要给予重视,应加强学生的营养健康宣教,预防发育不良。

Objective To explore the distribution and development of anemia in primary and middle school students in Wenzhou.Methods A total of 9 780 primary and middle school students in Wenzhou from January to December in 2017 were examined by a full automatic blood cell analyzer to detect the hemoglobin.Their height and weight were measured,and they were screened for malnutrition at the same time.Results The incidence of anemia in primary and middle school students in Wenzhou was 5.01%,and mild anemia and moderate anemia accounted for 4.96%,0.05%,and there were no statistical significance between rural and city and between genders(P>0.05),the detection rate of emaciation in the anemia group was significantly higher than those in the normal group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ~2=5.814,P<0.05).The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the anemia group were significantly lower than that of the normal group(P<0.05),and the weight of the anemia group,the number of BMI fingers and the mean weight were significantly lower than those of the normal group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions In 2017,the incidence of anemia in primary and middle school students in Wenzhou is low,but the development of anemia students should be paid attention.It should strengthen the students’nutrition and health education and prevent dysplasia.