老年高血压患者衰弱患病率与相关因素分析

Study on frailty morbidity and related factors in elderly patients with hypertension

目的研究老年高血压伴衰弱的患病情况,并进行相关因素分析,为早期干预和临床诊疗提供依据。方法选取2014年1—8月杭州市余杭区第五人民医院收治的老年高血压患者200例为调查对象,进行问卷调查并检测血压数据和生化指标,采用Fried衰弱量表进行追踪随访测评。调查数据统计分析采用SPSS18. 0软件,相关性分析采用Pearson分析法。结果老年高血压患者200例中,随年龄增长不同年龄组别衰弱患病率明显增高,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=20. 555,P <0. 05);男性衰弱患病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5. 628,P <0. 05)。心血管疾病危险因素中,性别、年龄、高血压病程、高血压家族史、脉压和合并症等与衰弱呈显著相关性,生化指标中血清肌酐、空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与衰弱呈显著相关性,社会心理因素中经济状况、婚姻、文化程度与衰弱呈现显著相关性。结论老年高血压患者衰弱患病率随年龄增高,影响因素较多。临床采取综合措施进行干预,对降低患病率具有现实指导意义。

Objective To study the prevalence of senile hypertension with frailty and provide evidence for early intervention and clinical treatment.Methods A total of 200 elderly patients with hypertension admitted to the Fifth People’s Hospital from January to August 2014 were selected as respondents for the study.The blood pressure data and biochemical indexes were detected,followed up with Fried frasthenia scale.SPSS18.0 software was used for statistical analysis,and Pearson analysis method was used for correlation analysis.Results Among the 200 elderly patients with hypertension,the prevalence of frailty increased significantly with age,and the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=20.555,P<0.05).The prevalence of frailty in males was significantly higher than that in females(χ~2=5.628,P<0.05).Cardiovascular disease risk factors of gender,age,hypertension duration,family history of high blood pressure,pulse pressure difference,complication were significantly correlation with frailty,biochemical index in serum creatinine,fasting blood sugar,low density lipoprotein cholesterol and the decline index had significant correlation with frailty,the social psychological factors of economy,marriage,culture degree and weak index had significant correlation with frailty.Conclusion The prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with hypertension increases with age,and there are many influencing factors.It is of practical guiding significance to take comprehensive measures to intervene in clinic.