黑龙江省2015年公众结核病防治核心信息知晓情况调查

Investigation on public awareness in key messages of tuberculosis prevention and control in 2015 in Heilongjiang

目的了解黑龙江省公众对结核病防治核心信息掌握情况,评价全省结核病健康促进工作效果。方法采取多级分层随机抽样方法,全省抽取6个调查点,城镇和乡村各3个,每个调查点150人,共抽取样本数900人,对抽取调查对象开展问卷调查。利用SAS 9. 2软件进行数据分析,知晓率之间的比较采用χ~2检验,以P <0. 01为差异有统计学意义。结果黑龙江省公众结核病防治核心信息知晓率为89. 2%,其中城镇调查点为88. 3%,乡村调查点为90. 1%。男性、女性总知晓率分别为80. 6%和79. 7%,男性高于女性,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0. 553,P> 0. 05)。调查对象随着年龄的增长,总知晓率降低,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=96. 034,P <0. 01);随着学历的提高,总知晓率升高,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=45. 571,P <0. 01)。不同职业中以在校学生的总知晓率最高,为70. 6%;农业劳动者的总知晓率最低,为54. 1%。获取宣传知识的途径中以通过广播为最高,占63. 0%。结论黑龙江省通过开展结核病健康教育工作,取得了较好的效果,今后应对老年人、低学历等人群加大宣传力度,同时应利用多种途径,开发出更多群众愿意接受的宣传材料。

Objective To investigate the public understanding on core information of tuberculosis prevention and treatment in Heilongjiang,evaluate the effect of tuberculosis health promotion in the whole province.Methods Multilevel stratified random sampling method was adopted.Six survey sites were sampled in the whole province,3 sites in urban area and 3 sites in rural area,150 people were selected from each survey site,and a total of 900 people were selected.SAS 9.2 statistical software was used to analyze the data.The awareness rate was compared by using the Chi-square,P<0.01 was considered statistically significant.Results The awareness rate of the TB core information of the public was 89.2%in Heilongjiang.The urban and rural survey sites were 88.3%and 90.1%respectively.Total female and male awareness rates of tuberculosis core information were 80.6%and 79.7%respectively,which in male awareness rate was higher than that of female,and the difference was not statistically significant(χ~2=0.553,P>0.05).Total awareness rate of the respondents decreased with the increase of age,and the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=96.034,P<0.01).Total awareness rate increased with the improvement of education,and the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=45.571,P<0.01).Total awareness rate of students in school was the maximum and up to 70.6%,and that of agricultural workers was the minimum and down to 54..%among different occupations.Broadcasting accounted for the highest proportion of 63.0%.Conclusion Heilongjiang province has achieved good results through deepening TB health education work constantly.The propaganda should be further intensified aiming at core information with low awareness rate as well as the old,people with low education and other key populations in the future health education work.Meanwhile,a variety of ways should be utilized,and more popular publicity materials should be developed.