清内务府万善殿官学、长房官学史事考辨

A History of the Schools Run by Neiwufu (the Imperial Household Department) in Wanshan dian (the Hall of Ten-thousand Good) and Changfang (the Long Residence) of the Qing Dynasty

清内务府辖下曾有两所掌教宫廷太监的建制学堂,始建于康熙年间的万善殿官学及始建时间不详的长房官学。由于种种原因,乾隆后期起官修史书及《内务府则例》等,均将万善殿官学描述为长房官学的前身,抹去了万善殿官学曾在清史中的独立存在。本文通过爬梳清宫档案、《内务府则例》,以及比对清代不同时期会典等类史书之记载,分别考辨了万善殿官学、长房官学之史事。

Neiwufu(the Imperial Household Department) of the Qing dynasty ran two schools for court eunuchs, namely the school in Wanshan dian(the Hall of Ten-thousand Good) established during the Kangxi era, and the school in Changfang(the Long Residence), the establishment time of which remains unknown. For various reasons, in the officially-compiled histories and Neiwufu Zeli(Codes of the Imperial Household Department) written in the late Qianlong era, the school in Wanshan dian was unexceptionally described as the predecessor of the school in Changfang, and this denied the role of the school in Wanshan dian as an independent institute in the Qing history. The author combs through the archives of the Qing court, Neiwufu Zeli(Codes of the Imperial Household Department) and other historical documents of the Qing dynasty,such as Daqing Huidian(Collected Statutes of the Great Qing), and investigates the history of the two schools in question.