主权概念的演进及其在网络时代面临的挑战

The Evolution of the Concept of Sovereignty and the Challenges Faced in the Internet Age

主权是人类创造出来的权力概念,其内涵和条件随着时代的发展不断演进。全球化冲击了主权概念的基础,并扩大了发达国家与发展中国家对主权概念的认知差异。在网络时代,国家在网络空间中的主权遭遇更加激进的侵蚀。一方面,政治、军事、文化、经济遭遇信息革命所带来的结构性挑战;另一方面,国家间、国家与非国家行为体之间难以在强制性、制度性、结构性、解释性等四种网络权,以及网络主权方面形成统一认知,这导致了各国的政策实践出现分野。

Sovereignty is a concept of power formulated by human beings,with evolving connotation and conditions over time. Globalization has impacted on the foundation of the concept of sovereignty,expanding the cognition of the concept of sovereignty among developed and developing countries. And when the Internet age comes,national sovereignty in cyberspace encounters much more radical erosion. On the one hand,politics,military,culture,and economy faces the structural challenges brought by the information revolution; on the other hand,the power ecology of inter-state,national and non-state actors as to the four——mandatory,institutional,structural,and interpretive——powers of the network makes it difficult for them to reach a common understanding of the meanings and conditions of the sovereignty of the network,resulting in a divergence of national policy practices.