国际投资规则新发展与中国的战略选择

New Developments of International Investment Rules and China's Strategic Choices

受到欧美发达国家的推动,一些双边性和地区性投资规则在近些年出现了新的变化,体现为在投资准入和投资保护上对东道国提出了更高的要求。这些新的投资规则将极大影响未来国际经贸谈判和经济规则的走向,对各国竞争优势和国际经贸格局将产生深远影响。作为一个资本输入和输出大国,中国理应积极参与国际投资规则的制定。由于当前国际投资规则的碎片化,因而迫切需要国际社会建立一套综合性的多边投资体制。这种综合性多边投资体制的建立对于中国有着重要意义。另外,国际投资体系的结构性转变,即越来越多的发展中国家成为跨国资本的重要输出国,也使得多边投资体制的建立比以往更加可行。中国作为一个发展中国家和世界第二大经济体,应当在制定多边投资体制的谈判中发挥南北国家之间的"桥梁"作用。

Promoted by developed countries in Europe and America in recent years,a number of bilateral and regional investment rules have shown new changes,reflected in higher requirements placed on host countries for investment access and investment protection.These new investment rules will not only greatly affect future directions of international trade negotiations and economic rules,but also have a profound impact on national competitive advantages and the pattern of international trade.As a big capital importer and exporter,China should actively participate in the formulation of international investment rules.Given the fragmentation of current rules of international investment,it is an urgent need for the international community to establish a comprehensive set of multilateral investment regime.As China gradually transformed from a net importing country to a net exporter of transnational capital,the establishment of such a comprehensive multilateral investment regime begins to show significance for China.In addition,the structural changes of the international investment system in which a growing number of developing countries have become important exporters of transnational capital also make the establishment of a multilateral investment regime more feasible than ever.China' s special status as a developing country and as the world ' s second largest economy enables it to play a role of 'bridge' and 'tie' between the North and the South countries in the negotiations for development of a multilateral investment regime.