居站分离的逻辑与改革向度

A Research on the Logic and Reform Orientations of Work and Residence

滥觞于深圳盐田的居站分离是我国城市社区管理体制改革的一项重要尝试,这种改革尝试试图厘清社区的行政性事务、自治性事务与服务性事务间的关系,进而达到国家行政权与社区自治权、社区居委会的"议"与社区服务站的"行"的适度分离和良性互动。居站分离所蕴藏的"纵向到底"的行政逻辑与政府购买服务的市场化逻辑目前仍面临着诸如管理层级过多、购买服务不够规范等问题,居站分离也没有真正解决社区自治问题,因此仍有必要进一步改革居站分离体制。改革的一个可能向度是在区政府层次上整合政务,以社区体制取代街站体制,实行"区直管社区",同时恰当处理好社区居委会与业主委员会的关系。

Government workstation and residential committee paralleling in community governance is a practice originated in Yantian Shenzhen.It is an important attempt to reform urban community administrative system in China.The aim of this attempt was to clarify the relationship between administrative affairs,autonomy affairs and public service in community,to separate appropriately and interact positively between government's executive power and the grassroots community autonomy power,between the residential committee decision-making and local government service station executing.This practice has improved local community's ability to govern their own affairs.However,further reform is needed for a better integration of governmental function and community function.