中国民众教育政策公平认知状况的影响因素分析

An Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Fair Cognition of Chinese People's Educational Policy

民众的教育政策公平认知包括公平感受和公平观念两部分内容,会受到多种因素的影响,对于教育政策的设计与调整具有重要作用。基于一项全国问卷调查数据,从义务教育和高考制度两个方面对民众教育政策公平认知状况及其影响因素问题进行的分析表明,虽然性别、年龄等人口学变量以及受教育程度、收入水平、所在区域等社会经济地位变量都能对民众的教育政策公平认知产生影响,但是不同教育政策的公平认知的具体影响因素又是存在一定差异的。基于相关研究结论,本文认为在继续完善宏观层面教育政策、保障宏观公平的同时,进一步改善教育的微观政策环境,促进微观层面的教育公平便成为教育政策改革的一项重要任务。

The fair cognition of the people's educational policy includes two parts: the sense of fairness and the concept of fairness. It is embodied in two different levels, macro and micro, and plays an important role in the design and adjustment of educational policy. To analyze the factors of public compulsory education and college entrance examination system fairness condition and influence that the public education policy is stronger than the micro fair feeling; although the influence on education policy fairness cognition of gender and age demographic variables and level of education,income, region and other social structure variables have on the people however, specific factors of education policy fairness cognition of different levels and content is the presence of a certain degree of difference. Accordingly, continue to improve the macro education policy, macro security fair at the same time, to further improve the education policy environment, promote micro level educational fairness has become an important task for education policy reform.