结构理论视角下的社区志愿服务行动研究——基于两岸社区志愿服务的调查与比较

Community Voluntary Action from the Perspective of Structuralism Theory——A Comparing Study of the Cross-Strait Community Voluntary Service

海峡两岸在社区志愿服务层面具有广泛共识。通过扎根理论对海峡两岸社区志愿服务的结构性对比分析显示,社区治理模式、社区资源配置、社会文化及价值观是影响社区志愿行动的三大结构性要素。大陆的社区志愿行动在结构上面临着独立性制约、行动支持与保障不充分以及结构要素间整合不足的困境,造成社区志愿服务发展缓慢、自主参与不足的问题。台湾地区在社区志愿服务上的结构化优势能够为大陆推动社区志愿服务发展提供有益经验。

Both sides of the Cross—Strait have reached broad consensus on the importance of community voluntary service. Based on the Grounded Theory, the comparing study of community voluntary service between Taiwan Island and the Mainland from the perspective of structuralism theory shows that model of community governance, resources allocation and social culture are the three structural factors that determine the community voluntary action. On the mainland, actors of the community voluntary service lack of their social independence, acting supporting and insurance,meanwhile facing the inadequate integration of structural factors, all of the which have stunted the development of community voluntary service. But Taiwan Island is more advantageous than the mainland from the social structure of voluntary service, and the mutual communication can provide lots of good experiences for the mainland to promote her community voluntary participating.