比较视野下政策众包的模式与应用研究

Research on the Mode and Application of Policy Crowdsourcing in Comparative Perspective

旨在增强公民参与的政策创新是全球政府治理发展的一大趋势,伴随着信息技术的发展,网络众包逐渐成为政策参与的一种创新形式。从众包的目标、发布任务的形式及实现路径等不同视角可以对众包模式进行细化分类,进而能够深入挖掘众包在政策周期各个阶段的角色及适用范围。在此基础上通过对新加坡、印度、美国和中国政策众包案例的比较分析发现,政府对众包投入的采纳程度及对政策结果的解释程度等因素对政策众包的结果具有重要影响,而对这些原因的再度探析则能够帮助众包在政策过程中得以更好地应用。

Policy innovation aimed at enhancing citizen participation is a major trend in the development of global government governance.With the development of information technology,network crowdsourcing has gradually become an innovative form of policy participation.The article attempts to analyze the connotation of crowdsourcing and policy crowdsourcing.From the different perspectives of crowdsourcing goals,release tasks approaches,and implementation paths,the crowdsourcing model can be further categorized.Then the role of crowdsourcing at all stages of the policy cycle can be further explored.Based on the comparative analysis of policy crowdsourcing cases in Singapore,India,the United States and China,it is found that the government’s adoption of crowdsourcing inputs and the degree of interpretation of policy results have an important impact on the outcome of policy crowdsourcing.A reanalysis of these reasons can help crowdsourcing to be better applied in the policy process.