妊娠期大气细颗粒物暴露损伤孕鼠多种器官并抑制妊娠及胎儿发育

Exposure to Atmospheric fine particulate matter damages multiple organs of pregnant mice and inhibits pregnancy and fetal development during pregnancy

目的建立小鼠妊娠期大气细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,AD≤2.5μm,PM_(2.5))暴露模型,探讨妊娠期PM_(2.5)暴露对孕鼠主要脏器及妊娠的影响。方法孕鼠随机分为空白组、对照组、PM_(2.5)低剂量组、PM_(2.5)中剂量组和PM_(2.5)高剂量组,利用气管染毒方法分别向PM_(2.5)低、中、高剂量组注入浓度为0.2592μg/μl、1.56695μg/μl和3.456μg/μl的30μl PM_(2.5)混悬液,对照组注入相同体积PBS。孕期间断染毒七次。观察PM_(2.5)染毒对孕鼠体重增长、妊娠天数、主要脏器及对新生仔鼠数量、体重等发育情况的影响,HE染色观察孕鼠心、肝、肺、肾的病理学变化。结果 PM_(2.5)中剂量和高剂量组与对照组相比,孕鼠体重增长减缓,妊娠天数减少;孕鼠肝、肺、心和肾重量均减轻,且组织结构受损,可见炎症等病理改变;新生仔鼠数量减少,体重下降,可见无脑等畸形。结论妊娠期暴露在PM_(2.5)污染环境中可引起小鼠心、肝、肺、肾出现炎症等病理损害,进而影响小鼠妊娠,导致新生仔鼠数量减少,出现畸形、体重减轻等不良妊娠结局。

Objective To investigate the effects of exposure to airborne fine particulate matter(PM2.5) on the major organs of pregnant mice and on pregnancy.Methods Pregnant mice were randomly divided into the blank group,control group,and low,medium and high dose PM2.5 groups.Intermittent tracheal exposure of 7 times during pregnancy infected the experimental groups with 30 μl of PM2.5suspension at different doses（low:0.2592μg/μl,medium:1.56695μg/μl,high:3.456μg/μl） respectively,while the control group received the same volume of PBS.We observed the impact of PM2.5 on the weight gain,pregnancy days,and major organs of pregnant mice,and on the development of newborn mice such as quantity and weight.HE staining was used to detect the histopathologic changes of heart,liver,lung and kidney of pregnant mice.Results Compared with those of the control group,the weight growth of pregnant mice in the medium and high dose PM2.5 groups slowed down,the pregnancy days decreased,and the weight of their major organs decreased,with structural damaged and pathological changes such as inflammation.The number and weight of newborn mice decreased,with anencephaly and other deformities.Conclusion PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy can cause inflammation and other pathological damages to the major organs of pregnant mice,thus affecting pregnancy and leading to the decrease in the number of newborn mice,malformation,weight loss and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.