论逆向情节的适用

The application of contrary circumstances

逆向情节的适用是情节适用中的重点和难点问题。优势情节适用说会导致过分关注法定情节和应当型情节,忽视酌定情节和可以型情节的错误。相对抵消说使得情节功能不能完全发挥,绝对抵消说使得适用方法与结果相混淆。其实无论采用何种方法,都需要首先确定基准刑,不能只通过案件的一般情节确立基准刑,至少还应通过独立情节来确立。确立基准刑之后,再根据逆向情节冲突的不同类型来综合分析,最终决定宣告刑。

The Application of contrary circumstances is an important and difficult question in the process of circumstances application.The priority method will lead to excessive attention on the statutory circumstances and obligatory considerable ones,ignoring the discretion circumstances and considerable ones.The comparative setoff method cannot give full play to the function of circumstances,while the absolute setoff method confuses the method and result of application.The article suggests whatever method we use;we should beforehand establish the base sentence.The base sentence cannot be established by common circumstances of a certain case,it should be established at least by some independent circumstances.Only after the base sentence is established,can we decide the declared sentence according to different types of the contrary circumstances.