论刑事推定

Criminal Presumption

刑事推定作为一种特殊的证明方式,可以减少控方一些不必要的举证,使刑事诉讼中的证明责任分担尽可能合理,使犯罪构成中某些无法通过直接证据证明的要素得以确认,从而缓解某些证明上的困难,避免诉讼陷入僵局,其体现出立法上对社会政策、价值取向的某种特殊考虑。刑事推定扩大了被告方提供证据责任的范围,同时加重了其提供证据责任的要求,但并不改变说服责任。同时刑事推定要受到一般条件和证据条件的严格限制。我国应当进一步完善刑事推定制度,在无罪推定原则下有效地打击犯罪。

As a special approach of proof,criminal presumption can relieve the prosecution of certain proof loads,and make the distribution of burden of proof in criminal litigation more reasonable.It can enable the prosecution to prove some facts that can not be proved with direct evidence,thus reduce the difficulties in proof and avoid some dilemma in criminal litigation.This reflects the balancing between social policies and values.Criminal presumption extends the burden of proof on the accused,mainly the burden to provide evidence rather than the burden to persuade.Meanwhile,criminal presumption should be strictly restricted by some general conditions and evidentiary conditions.The application of criminal presumption should be perfected in our country so that we can better fight crimes.