新型环保烤炉控制干旱区烧烤业大气污染源的可行性研究

Feasibility Study on Reduction of Air Pollutants Discharge from Barbecue Industry in Arid Zone Using a New Environment-friendly Barbecue Pits

近几年来,包括乌鲁木齐在内的我国干旱区城市大气污染严重,灰/雾霾天气突出。传统煤炭烤炉排放的大气污染物是干旱区城市大气污染的重要来源之一。为削减烧烤产生的大气污染物,乌鲁木齐市兴帅馨环保科技有限公司研发了专利产品环保无烟烤炉。通过建造环境烟雾室和大气污染物在线监测系统,对比研究了传统烤炉和环保无烟烤炉烧烤时大气污染物的排放规律。结果表明,与传统烤炉相比,环保无烟烤炉的PM1.0、PM2.5、PM5.0、PM10和TPM(总颗粒物)的排放分别降低了54.5%~33.7%、89%~91.6%、87.1%~91%、80.6%~86.1%和71%~78.7%,黑碳排放降低了73.1%~75.8%,以及挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放降低了71.1%~76.1%。传统烤炉滴落的油脂全部转变为烟尘等大气污染物,而环保无烟烤炉每烧烤500 g肥肉可回收油脂105~150 g。环保无烟烤炉比传统烤炉具有很大的环保效益优势,建议通过政府有关部门大力推广环保无烟烤炉,并取代传统烤炉,以大力削减餐饮业的大气污染物排放量。

With the rapid development of China's industrial economy and urban scale expansion unceasingly,the atmosphere in many cities of arid areas in China was polluted very serious( especially PM2. 5). Recently,air pollution of fine particulate matter( PM2. 5) in many big cities,including Urumqi,is very heavy. Cooking barbecue is one of the important air pollutant sources in Urumqi. In order to reduce the discharge of air pollutants from barbecue ovens,Urumqi Xingshuaixin Environmental Protection Science & Technology Co.,Ltd has developed a kind of novel and patented smoke-free barbecue oven. This study aims to monitor air pollutants discharge from the new environmental smoke-free oven and the conventional oven during their cooking barbecues comparatively. In comparison with the conventional oven,when the smoke-free oven was used to barbecue,discharge concentrations of PM1. 0,PM2. 5,PM5. 0,PM10 and TPM( Total particulate matter)were reduced by 54. 5%- 33. 7%,89%- 91. 6%,87. 1%- 91%,80. 6%- 86. 1% and 71%- 78. 7%,respectively. The smoke-free oven decreased 73. 1%-75. 8% of black carbon and 71. 1%- 76. 1% of VOCs discharge compared with the conventional oven. In addition,about 105- 150 g oil was recovered from 500 g fat when the new environmental smoke-free oven was used whereas no oil was obtained using the conventional oven because all dropped oil was turned into smoke and other air pollutants. However,both kinds of ovens increased discharge of SO2 and NOx,and the new environmental smoke-free oven has no advantage over the conventional one in this respect. It is strongly and urgently recommended that the government should take measures to replace the conventional ovens by the smoke-free ovens in order to reduce discharge of atmospheric pollutants from barbecue ovens.