基于超效率DEA模型的干旱区工业生态效率研究——以新疆为例

Industrial Eco-Efficiency in Arid Region Based on Super-Efficiency DEA Model: A Case Study in Xinjiang

生态效率是循环经济与可持续发展的有效测度,研究新疆区域工业生态效率,对于促进经济与生态环境协调发展,实现生态文明建设目标具有重要的现实意义。本文以2001—2015年新疆工业面板数据为样本,运用超效率DEA模型对14个地级市(州、地区)工业生态效率及其变化特征进行测评,并选取工业生态效率影响因素进行Tobit回归分析。结果表明:①新疆工业生态效率总体水平不高,但发展趋势良好,自2001—2015年呈波动式上升趋势,环比增长109. 8%;从"十五"期间的0. 75非有效状态到"十一五"期间的1. 0开始稳定保持在有效生产前沿面以上,一直到"十二五"期间的1. 08,工业生态效率一直保持稳步增长状态;②新疆各地区间工业生态效率存在不平衡性,最高值为8. 97,最低值为0. 59,相差15. 2倍;③工业生态效率与经济发展水平、科技创新、工业结构、环境规划呈正相关关系,与对外开放度、产业集聚度呈负相关关系。

Eco-efficiency is an effective measurement of sustainable development. Studies on the industrial ecological efficiency of Xinjiang,an ecological fragile arid region in China,are of important practical significance to promote the coordinated development of industry and ecological environment and achieve the goal of ecological civilization construction. In this study,the industrial panel data of Xinjiang from 2001 to 2015 were taken as the samples,the super efficiency DEA model was used to evaluate the ecological efficiency and its changes in 14 prefectures,autonomous prefectures and cities in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,and the Tobit regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the industrial ecological efficiency. The results showed that:(1) The overall level of industrial ecological efficiency in Xinjiang was not high,but the development trend was good. The industrial ecological efficiency was increased in a fluctuation way,and its comparative growth was 109. 8%. It was increased from 0. 75 during the Tenth Five-year Plan period to 1. 0 during the Eleventh Five-year Plan period and further to 1. 08 during the Twelfth Five-year Plan period;(2) The industrial eco-efficiency in Xinjiang was imbalance,the highest and lowest values were 8. 97 and 0. 59,respectively,and their difference was 15. 2 times;(3) The industrial eco-efficiency was positively correlated with the industrial development level,scientific and technological innovation,industrial structure and environmental planning,but negatively correlated with opening to the outside world and industrial agglomeration.