SRM融雪径流模型在锡林河流域的应用

Application of A Snowmelt Runoff Model in the Xilin River Basin

为了验证SRM(snowmelt-runoff model)融雪径流模型在寒旱区草原流域的适用性,在阐述模型结构、参数意义的基础上,结合锡林河流域上游2014—2016年融雪期(3—5月)的MODIS积雪覆盖数据及实测气象、水文资料,采用Win SRM 1. 10版本对2014—2016年锡林河上游年融雪期的径流进行模拟,结果发现:SRM模型可以较好地反映锡林河融雪期径流变化趋势,有效捕捉融雪径流洪峰到达日期及洪峰流量。对模型进行精度评价,得出3 a模拟值的拟合优度确定系数(R^2)与体积差(D_V)均优于世界气象组织公布的模型模拟精度均值。所以,SRM融雪径流模型在锡林河流域上游具有较好的适用性,这对合理利用草原冰雪水资源具有重要意义。

In this study,the MODIS snow cover data and the measured meteorological and hydrological data in the upper reaches of the Xilin River Basin in snow melt period(from March to May)of 2014-2016 were simulated by WinSRM1.10.The purposes of the study were to verify the applicability of a snowmelt runoff model(SRM)in the drainage basins in arid and alpine steppe based on the description of the model structure and the meaning of the parameters,and to reveal the proportion of spring snowmelt volume in annual runoff volume in the upper reaches of the Xilin River Basin from 2014 to 2016.The results showed that the SRM could be used to ideally reflect the change trend of spring snowmelt volume in the study area,and to predict the time of flood peak of spring snowmelt.The accuracy of the model was evaluated,and the fit goodness coefficient(R^2)and volume difference(D_V)of the 3-year simulated values were obtained,which were superior to the mean values published by the World Meteorological Organization.Therefore,the SRM has a good applicability in the upper reaches of the Xilin River Basin,and it is of great significance for the rational use of ice-snow resources in grasslands.