沙区光伏电场的风沙流输移特征

Transport of Wind-Drift Sand in Photovoltaic Electric Field in Sand Area

以乌海市晟辉能源技术公司沙区太阳能光伏电场为研究对象,对光伏矩阵内光伏板的前沿、后沿及光伏阵列行道处风沙输移情况进行观测,研究沙区光伏电站的风沙流输移规律。研究表明:(1)各观测点输沙量均随着高度的增加呈降低趋势,光伏板前沿、后沿、行道处各观测点输沙量随高度增加的最佳拟合方程均为多项式函数,且R^2均大于0. 95,拟合结果可信。(2)光伏板前沿、后沿处风沙流结构特征值大于1,风沙流呈非饱和状态,地表表现为风蚀。电场矩阵行道处风沙流结构特征值均小于1,风沙流为饱和状态,地表表现为堆积。由于光伏板对风沙流的导向作用,导致光伏板下方形成气流加速区,光伏板下方出现掏蚀现象,因此光伏板下方为场区内部风沙防治的重点区域。(3)光伏矩阵内部各观测点的输沙量均低于旷野处,且随着深入电站内部输沙量逐渐降低。沙区光伏电站控制沙害的关键位置为电站迎风边缘处。

A photovoltaic power station in sand area was taken as the research object to study the transport of wind-drift sand at the front and back eaves of photovoltaic plates and the photovoltaic array roadways so as to figure out the migration of wind-drift sand at different spatial positions of the photovoltaic electric field in sand area.The results showed that:(1)The sand transport rate at the array was decreased with the increase of height.The optimal fitting equations of sand transport rate at the observation points along the eaves and back eaves of the electric plate and the array roadways were all the polynomial functions with the increase of height.The values of R^2 were all higher than 0.95,and the fitted results were reliable;(2)The eigenvalues of wind-drift sand flow structure at the front and back eaves of the electric plate were higher than 1,and the wind-drift sand flow was unsaturated.The eigenvalues of wind-drift sand flow structure at the array roadways were lower than 1,and the wind-drift sand flow was saturated.The electric plate played a guiding role for wind-drift sand transport.As an airflow acceleration zone formed at the bottom of the electric plate,a wind erosion occurred at the bottom of electric plate.Therefore,the bottom of electric plate should be the key area of wind erosion prevention;(3)The sand transport rate at all the observation points in the arrays was lower than that in open field.Therefore,the windward marginal zone of the photovoltaic power station should be the key of preventing wind erosion.