职住错位视角下北京基础教育资源的空间匹配性评价

Evaluation of basic education resource spatial matching in Beijing from the perspective of job-housing mismatch

基于职住空间错位的研究视角,结合使用就业-居住偏离度指数和熵值评价法,剖析了北京街乡尺度基础教育设施服务能力职住匹配情况。结果表明:1)北京就业功能高度集中于中心城区,近郊远郊结合部地区居住功能突出。2)学校服务能力及街乡基础教育设施服务能力均表现为中心城区高、外围地区低的特征;高质量的基础教育资源主要分布在中心城区,中心城区、近郊区和远郊区的教育服务能力梯度差距显著。3)职住空间错位情况下,街乡之间以及中心城区与外围地区之间的教育设施服务能力差距进一步拉大,以居住为主要功能的近远郊结合部地区教育服务能力有待加强。

From the perspective of jobs-housing spatial mismatch,the matching of education facilities service capacity and job-housing distribution in Beijing town scale was analyzed.Some conclusions were found.First,Beijing’s employment function is concentrated in the central city,and the residential function showed an obviously advantage in the joint region of suburb and the outer suburban.Second,schools as well as townships’education service capacity are higher in the central city and lower in the peripheral areas,and the high-quality basic education resources are mainly distributed in the central city.Third,considering the job-housing spatial mismatch,the gaps of basic education service capacity among townships as well as between the central and peripheral areas have further widened,and the joint region of suburb and the outer suburban whose main function is housing needs to be strengthened.