人工林林下植被的研究现状

Review of Studies on Understorey of Plantations

本文从林下植被的演替时序及其与干扰的关系、林下植被与上层林木的关系及林下植被作用研究等3个重要侧面,系统总结了近20年来林下植被的研究现状与热点问题。在没有外界因子干扰的情况下,林下植被的演替将随着时间的推移与林分的发育同时进行,总体上呈现出发育—萎缩—发育的阶段。当受到外界的干扰后,林下植被的特征会发生改变,表现在生物量、数量、高度、盖度等方面的变化,而变化的幅度与干扰的类型和强度有密切相关;林下植被对上木的影响分为促进和竞争两个方面;目前对于林下植被的指示作用、地力维持与改良有着比较系统的研究,但对其水文效益、增加物种多样性与效益评价的研究有待深入。

Research on understorey of plantation in recent 20 years are reviewed. As one of the important ingredients in forest ecosystem, understorey takes important role in the plantation system that with simple structure, which interested the forest researcher at home and abroad. Those research focus on the understorey succession, the relationship between dominant species and understorey, the effect of understorey. Without disturbance, the succession sequence is: growthdecaygrowth. The biomass, quantity, height and cover degree changes under different category and intensity disturbance. The relationship between understorey and dominant species appears in two aspects: they are cooperation and competition. The relevancy and complementarity of these three sections in understorey, improvement of biodiversity, and its hydrological function should be emphasized, at the same time, criterion system of evaluation of understorey function should be established. 