认知负荷理论下民警反恐处突虚拟现实实战训练设计策略

Strategies in Designing Police’s Combat Training for Counter-terrorism and Handling Emergencies in Virtual Reality: Based on Cognitive Load Theory

随着科学技术的发展,虚拟现实技术被引入到民警反恐处突实战训练当中,但设计者存在着对训练者的认知水平认识不清、信息量失度等问题,缺乏对训练者认知负荷的考虑。因此,在虚拟现实技术实战训练设计中需以训练者为中心,考虑其知识结构水平;利用各种虚拟手段,发挥通道效应;恰当呈现情境信息,避免注意力分散;虚拟情境设计和任务操作简单明了,防止冗余等策略来避免认知负荷超载,加强实训效果,提升实战能力。

With the development of science and technology,the virtual reality technology has been introduced to police’s combat training for counter-terrorism and handling emergencies.Due to unclear understanding of the trainees’cognitive level,lack of information and other reasons,the designer for this combat training is unable to give full consideration to the trainee’s cognitive load.Therefore,in order to avoid cognitive overload,enhance training effects and police’s actual combat capabilities,the following strategies should be adopted:the design should be trainee-centered and consider the trainees’knowledge level;a variety of virtual means should be used to play the channel effect;the situation information should be properly presented to avoid distraction;the virtual situation design and task operations should be simple and straightforward to prevent redundancy.