孟晚舟案中的双重犯罪原则

The Principle of Double Criminality in Meng Wanzhou Case

加拿大应美国要求正式启动对孟晚舟的引渡程序,引渡听证中孟晚舟的律师团队提出辩护意见,指出逮捕孟晚舟违反了双重犯罪原则。引渡请求所指的行为符合双重犯罪原则是该罪行可以被引渡的前提条件,加拿大《引渡法》与《加美引渡条约》均对此原则有明确规定。美国以欺诈类罪名指控孟晚舟,而被指控的行为本质上是孟晚舟违反了美国的《国际紧急经济权力法》和对伊朗的金融制裁条例。加拿大的《特别经济措施法》没有针对伊朗的制裁,且不承认长臂管辖和第三方制裁,因此孟晚舟的行为在加拿大不构成犯罪,不符合双重犯罪原则。

Canada has formally started the extradition procedure for Meng Wanzhou at the request of the United States.In the extradition hearing,Meng’s lawyer team put forward a defensive opinion,pointing out that the arrest of Meng violates the principle of double criminality.The act referred in the extradition request must conform to the principle of double criminality,which is a prerequisite for the extradition of the crime.The principle is stipulated both in Canadian Extradition Act and the Treaty on Extradition between Canada and the United States of America.The United States accused Meng of fraud,which essentially violated International Emergency Economic Power Act and Iranian Transactions and Sanctions Regulations.There is no regulation about transactions and sanctions to Iranian,long-arm jurisdiction or third-party sanctions in Canada Special Economic Measures Act.Therefore,Meng’s actions in Canada do not constitute a crime and the extradition request do not conform to the principle of double criminality.