论儒家“知行合一”对当代高等教育的启示

On the Inspirations of “Unity of Knowledge and Practice” in Confucianism to Contemporary Higher Education in China

儒家"知行合一"即是道德认识与道德实践的统一,道德意识与道德行为的一致,抑或是"向内用力"与"向外用力"的结合。从中国古代教育语境看,儒家的"知"与"行"具有特定的时代教育意涵。强调道德教育,培养理想的道德人格,是儒家教育的优良传统。立足时代,反思儒家"知行合一",并结合时代精神加以改造提升,对当代中国高等教育具有重要的启示:加强实践教育环节,着力培养学生的实践能力和创新精神;坚持理论教育与实践教育相结合,培养德才兼备的人才;注重科学教育与人文教育并重,促进学生的全面协调发展。

The Confucian ‘Unity of Knowledge and Practice'(zhixingheyi)implies the unity of moral cognition, practice, consciousness and behavior, or combination of ‘morally inward and outward force'(Xiangneiyongli and Xiangwaiyongli). From the perspective of Chinese ancient educational context, the Confucian knowledge(zhi)and ‘practice'(xing)has its own specific educational significance. The emphasis on moral education and the cultivation of ideal moral personality is the fine tradition of the Confucian education. Reflection of Confucian "Unity of Knowledge and Practice" and its creative transformation up to time is surely of vital importance to contemporary higher education in China, including strengthening the education of practice, cultivating students' practical ability and innovativeness, and, scientific education and liberal education, thus, to promote comprehensive and coordinated development for college students.