国际法视角下知识产权与人权关系之探讨——以《TRIPS协定》为中心

The Relationship between Intellectual Property Rights and Human Rights from the Perspective of International Law:A Study with TRIPS Agreement as Its Center

从20世纪90年代开始,国际社会对土著人民权利的关注和《TRIPS协定》的实施使得'知识产权与人权关系'成为学术界讨论的热点问题。对国际人权条约相关条款的历史解释和文本解读表明,知识产权不是人权,而是实现人权的工具。作为国际法上的制度冲突的突出表现,对《TRIPS协定》与人权国际保护制度冲突的表现、原因及其解决途径的理论和实践分析表明,应当从制度整合上来消除制度冲突,即通过修订《TRIPS协定》以使得知识产权与健康权等人权之间由相互冲突变为相互支持。

Since 1990’s,"the relationship between intellectual property rights and human rights"has become the hot spot of the current research because of the attention of the international society to the indigenous people’s rights and the implementation of TRIPS Agreement.The historical explanation and the text deciphering of the related provisions of international human rights treaty show that,intellectual property rights are not human right,but the tools to realize human rights.The analysis of theory and practice on the expressions,as well as reasons and approachs of the conflicts between TRIPS Agreement and international protection for human rights show that,the conflict of institutions should be resolved through the integration of institutions,namely the intellectual property rights and human rights should support each other through revising TRIPS Agreement.