《鹿特丹规则》的“单证托运人”之规定——兼与《鹿特丹规则》下FOB卖方权益“零”保护观点之商榷

The Provisions of Documentary Shipper under the Rotterdam Rules:A Discussion of the View that FOB Sellers'Rights and Interests Have Zero Protection under the Rotterdam Rules

本文通过对几个海上货物运输公约及《中华人民共和国海商法》相关条款的理解,分析海上运输合同、买卖合同以及付款方式,进而指出在《鹿特丹规则》下FOB卖方的地位。与此同时,本文提出了出口商应如何处理买卖合同与海上运输合同的关系,如何处理提单签发问题,如何减少风险,维护自己的权益。

Based on the review of the provisions of the Hague Rules,the Hamburg Rules and the Maritime Code of the PRC,and the analyses of contract of carriage of goods by sea,sales contract and means of payment,this paper reveals the status of FOB seller under the Rotterdam Rules.Meanwhile,this paper also proposes FOB exporters how to deal with the relationship between the sales contract and the contract of carriage,how to deal with the issuance of bill of lading under the Rotterdam Rules so as to reduce the risk in its international sale of goods.