《贸易便利化协定》在我国的实施研究

The Implementation of Trade Facilitation Agreement in China

作为'巴厘一揽子协定'的重要组成部分,《贸易便利化协定》(TFA)将以修正议定书的方式纳入到WTO协定的附件1A中。考虑到不同国家实施TFA的水平和能力的差异,TFA在义务要求上作出了与其他多边贸易协定不同的弹性化和灵活化的处理方式。我国已经完成TFA的国内批准程序,并向WTO贸易便利化筹备委员会提交了A类措施通报以及国内批准书。综观我国贸易便利化现状与TFA的要求,对于A类通报措施,我国总体实施情况良好。在作出A类措施排除的'确定和公布平均放行时间'、'单一窗口'、'货物暂进口与入境及出境加工'和'海关合作'方面,我国实施现状与TFA的要求差距较大,需要从人员、机构、信息通讯技术、基础设施建设和法律等方面进行完善。我国将以实施TFA为契机,以外促内促进我国口岸综合管理能力和口岸监管能力的提升。

As an important part of“Bali Package”,the Trade Facilitation Agreement(TFA)was inserted into Annex 1A of the WTO Agreement by the adoption of the Protocol of Amendment.Given implementation level and capabilities difference among WTO members,TFA is characterized by inserting buffers and flexibilities into its binding obligations,which are different from other WTO agreements.China has completed the domestic ratification procedure of TFA and submitted the report of Category A measures and the instrument of acceptance to the WTO Preparatory Committee of Trade Facilitation.Comparing China's existing trade facilitation situation with the requirements of the TFA,the overall implementation situation is good in general with regard to Category A measures.However,in regard to the establishment and publication of average release times,single window,temporary admission of goods/inward and outward processing as well as customs cooperation,which were excluded from Category A measures,there is still a gap between the requirements of TFA and China's current trade facilitation situation.China needs to make improvement in human resources/training,institutional framework,communication/information technology,equipment and infrastructure as well as policy/legal framework,etc.Serving as a juncture(turning point),the implementation of TFA will catalyze the improvement of port management capacities in China.