欧盟反补贴中“一般”基础设施的判断逻辑

The Judgment Logic of“General”Infrastructure in European Union's Countervailing Practice

欧盟委员会根据成员政府资助是否授予接受者不公平的竞争优势来区分'一般'基础设施和'特定使用者'基础设施,并分别在使用者、所有者/管理者及所有者/管理者的股东三大层面上,形成判断竞争优势的公开使用原则、国家职责原则、公开招投标原则、私人投资者原则和低利润原则。此外,基于协调保护竞争与其他社会目标及克服市场失灵的现实需要,欧盟委员会豁免为促进某一经济活动或区域发展以及为一般经济利益提供服务的'特定使用者'基础设施。

The European commission distinguishes between“general”infrastructure and“specific user”infrastructure according to whether the member government funding granted the recipient an unfair competitive advantage,and forms the principles of public use,national responsibility,public bidding,private investors and low profit respectively at the level of users,owner/manager and the shareholders of owner/manager to determine competitive advantage.In addition,because of the need to coordinate the goal of protecting competition with other social goals and to overcome market failure,the European Commission grants immunity to“specific user”infrastructure used for promoting specific economic activity or regional development and providing the general economic interests of service.