试论商事仲裁自裁管辖权的现状与中国的改进

Exploring the Present Competence-Competence of Commercial Arbitration and the Improvements in China

法院与仲裁庭在决定仲裁庭管辖权方面如何分工,仲裁庭是否具有决定自身管辖权的权力,这是长期以来在仲裁理论与实践中不断争论的问题,尤其是在中国。本文从分析仲裁庭自裁管辖权的概念及分类、法律渊源、仲裁的三个阶段入手,总结概括国际上广泛通行的理念与做法。同时,结合中国立法与实践,以《联合国国际贸易法委员会仲裁示范法》为模本提出改进设想,以促进仲裁为'一带一路'发展战略服务,提高中国仲裁在国际上的公信力。文章集中论述仲裁管辖权,在阐述商事仲裁管辖权分类、释明积极与消极自裁管辖权、仲裁三段性,主张中国应采取积极自裁管辖权机制方面,具有一定的特点和创新。

It is a long controversial issue in arbitration theory and practice in China on the allocation of rights and work in determining the arbitral jurisdiction between national courts and the arbitral tribunals,an issue whether the arbitral tribunal has competence to decide its own jurisdiction.This article starts from the introduction of the concept of competence-competence,analyses its classification-positive effects of competence-competence and negative effects of competence-competence and the sources of arbitral tribunal’s powers.It also introduces the three stages,the prevailing theory and practice in the world of court-arbitration.In the meantime,the article also in light of the Chinese legislation and judicial interpretations and arbitration practice,elaborates the evolution ideas based on the international uniform arbitration law and rules,so that the Chinese arbitration will act as means to serve China’s Belt and Road Initiative.Creative and evolutionary proposals are involved in this paper on the issue of arbitral jurisdiction by focusing solely on the competence-competence,elaborating the court-arbitration three stages and positive/negative effects of competence-competence.