ICSID审前异议制度研究

Preliminary Objection Rules under ICSID Regime

在ICSID仲裁的实践中,部分滥诉案件因仲裁程序上的缺陷无法被及时终止,从而导致仲裁资源浪费、仲裁效率低下。ICSID在2006年制度改革中引入了审前异议制度,赋予当事方在仲裁程序开始前对仲裁另一方的诉请提出异议的权利,由此使得仲裁庭可以针对明显缺乏法律依据或仲裁庭明显没有管辖权的诉请直接作出裁决予以驳回,由此提高了仲裁效率。但鉴于审前异议在实践中面临着被滥用等风险,该制度在ICSID最新一轮的规则修订中仍有完善的空间。

In the practice of ICSID arbitration,abuse of litigation usually cannot be terminated in time due to the inherent defects in the arbitration procedure,which leads to waste of arbitration resources and inefficiency of arbitration.ICSID introduced preliminary objection rules during ICSID Rules improvement in 2006,which entitles both of the parties the right to challenge the other party’s claims before the start of arbitral proceedings,thereby allowing the arbitral tribunal to dismiss the case lacking legal merit manifestly.Also,the claims without jurisdiction are directly rejected,thereby improving the efficiency of arbitration.However,given the risk of abuse of preliminary objection rules in practice,there is still room for improvement in the latest round of rule revision of ICSID.