出口参与对制造业企业劳动收入份额的异质性影响研究

Heterogeneous Influences of Export Participation on Manufacturing Firms' Labor Share

本文基于2004—2009年中国工业企业微观数据,利用倾向得分匹配方法研究出口参与对中国制造业企业劳动收入份额的异质性影响。研究结果表明:制造业企业劳动收入份额处于较低水平,整体呈"金字塔"型,且企业劳动收入份额呈下降趋势;基于全部样本匹配的实证结果表明,出口使得企业层面劳动收入份额提高,并且这种影响具有滞后性;按地理区位分组的结果表明,出口使东部、中部和东北地区的制造业企业劳动收入份额相对提高,按企业规模分组的结果显示,出口对企业劳动收入份额的影响具有"逆规模"特征,出口的正向作用主要集中于中小型企业;按行业分组的结果显示,出口对于大部分劳动密集型行业企业劳动收入份额的提高具有促进作用。基于上述结论,本文提出了相应的政策建议。

Based on Chinese manufacturing firm data from 2004 to 2009,this paper studies the heterogeneous influences of export participation on firm-level labor share with propensity score matching method. It is found that the labor share of Chinese manufacturing firms exhibits a pyramid structure at low level together with a downward trend. Simultaneously,the empirical results demonstrate that export participation can increase firm-level labor share,which is a delayed effect. Furthermore,group results show that the positive effect of export participation is mainly on eastern,central and northeast manufacturing firms,or on small and medium-sized firms,or on firms of labor-intensive industries. On this basis,we proposes relevant policy recommendations.