供给侧改革背景下出口政策和竞争政策协调研究——以战略性资源产品出口为例

Coordination of Export Policy and Competition Policy under the Background of Chinese Supply Side Reform

本文通过构建一个基于纵向关联市场的博弈模型,在供给侧改革背景下,研究中国战略性资源产品出口政策和竞争政策的替代性。研究结果表明:当政府对战略性资源产品征收出口关税时,随着出口关税下降,政府可以使用宽松的竞争政策替代出口关税政策,减少行业内的厂商数量;当政府对战略性资源产品征收环境税时,随着环境政策强度上升,政府可以使用严格的竞争政策,增加行业内的厂商数量;当战略性资源产品市场容量越小或者其生产对环境的损害越小,竞争政策替代出口政策(或者环境政策)越容易。在当前稀土等战略性资源产品出口关税逐步取消和环境政策执行不力的背景下,中国政府使用宽松的产业竞争政策符合稀土等战略性资源行业健康发展的需要,但是实施竞争政策是供给侧结构性改革的内在要求,未来随着我国环境保护力度的加强,对稀土等战略性资源产业应该逐步实施较为严格的竞争政策。

By the construction of a game theory model under the framework of vertical related markets under the background of Chinese Supply Side Reform,this paper studied the substitutability between the export tariff policy and competition policy of the exporting of strategic resources goods.It comes to the results as follows:firstly,when the government imposes export tariffs on the strategic resources goods,with export tariffs decreasing,government can implement easing competition policy to replace export tariff in order to decrease the numbers of enterprises in intermediate input industry;Secondly,when government collects environmental tax,with the intensity of environmental tax increasing,government can use strict policy to expand the numbers of enterprises in intermediate input industry;Thirdly,when the capacity of intermediate goods markets are smaller or the environment damages caused by intermediate goods are smaller,competition policy can replace export tariff policy and environmental policy more easily.This paper shows that under the background of phasing out rare earth export tariff and the poor enforcement of environmental policy,the easing competition policy which the Chinese government uses fits the demand of healthy development of rare earth industry.In the future,with the intensity of environmental policy strengthening,the Chinese government could implement more strict competition policy gradually in strategic resources industry such as rare earth industry since implementing competition policy is the internal requirement of the Supply Side Reform.