试论中美贸易摩擦持续情况下的中国对策

China's Countermeasures in the Context of Continuing Sino-US Trade Friction

中美贸易摩擦及其升级给世界贸易组织(WTO)体制带来了前所未有的挑战。美国在贸易摩擦中呈现的行为和立场,使WTO面临生存危机。中国作为贸易摩擦最大的对象和受害者,在WTO多边贸易体制中享有制度利益,我们要充分利用WTO争端解决机制来管控贸易摩擦。在WTO框架内应对中美贸易摩擦,其目的不仅在于管理贸易争端并缓解贸易摩擦,更在于弘扬规则导向的多边贸易体制。为维护中国自身在WTO中的系统性利益,中国要准备好参与WTO的改革。与此同时,中国必须对国际贸易体系的演变方向做好评估和预案,特别是在中国无法接受美国及其盟国针对中国的改革方案时做好美国退出WTO的准备,如将以"一带一路"为平台构筑的未来超大型区域贸易协定作为中国最终的选项。

The Sino-US trade friction and its escalation have brought unprecedented challenges to the World Trade Organization(WTO) system. Due to the behaviors and positions of the United States in trade friction, the WTO is in a crisis of survival. As the main target and victim of the trade friction, China however enjoys systemic interests in the WTO. Full use of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism must be made to manage trade frictions. The purpose of dealing with Sino-US trade friction within the framework of the WTO is not only to manage trade disputes and ease trade friction, but also to safeguard a rule-oriented multilateral trading system. In order to protect China’s own systemic interests in the WTO, it must be prepared to participate in the reform of the WTO. At the same time, it must make an assessment and plan for the evolution of the international trading system, especially when China is unable to accept the China-targeted reform agenda of the United States and its allies, and it may be prepared to have a WTO without the US;as our ultimate option, the Belt and Road can be used as the platform for the creation of a future mega-regional trade agreement.