美国外资并购安全审查制度的新发展及其启示——以《外国投资风险审查现代化法案》为中心

The New Development and Implication of the National Security System for Foreign Capital Mergers & Acquisitions of the United States:Centered on the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018

美国《外国投资风险审查现代化法案》于2018年8月生效。该法案代表了美国外资并购安全审查制度的最新发展。《外国投资风险审查现代化法案》进一步扩大了美国外资投资委员会的审查权限范围,优化了外资并购安全审查的程序规则。该法案增加了对网络安全、核心技术、个人信息保护等安全审查考虑因素。2015年的《中国外国投资法(草案征求意见稿)》对外国投资安全审查也进行了较为系统的规定,但是在规则内容的明确性与联席会议机构的合理设置问题上仍可以借鉴美国《外国投资风险审查现代化法案》中的相关内容进行完善。我国应深刻把握美国的外资并购安全审查制度的发展方向,以维护我国在美国投资的利益,同时完善我国的外资并购安全审查制度。

The Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 came into force in August 2018. The new bill represents the latest development trend of the security review system for foreign capital mergers and acquisitions in the United States. The Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 further expands the review scope of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States and optimizes the procedure rules of security review of foreign capital mergers and acquisitions. It also adds some new considerations,such as cyber security,core technology and personal information protection. The 2015 Foreign Investment Law of the People’s Republic of China( draft version to solicit opinions) regulates the foreign investment risk review systematically. However,the clarity of the rules and the reasonable establishment of joint meeting bodies can still be improved by referring to the relevant contents of the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018. China should deeply grasp the development direction of the security review system of foreign capital mergers and acquisitions in the United States to safeguard China’s investment interests in the United States and perfect China’s security review system of foreign capital mergers and acquisitions.