政府补贴提高了企业出口产品质量吗——基于地区制度条件下的分析

Do Government Subsidies Improve the Quality of Export Products:An Analysis Based on Regional Institutional Conditions

文章使用中国工业企业统计数据库的企业样本,在地区制度条件下检验了政府补贴对企业出口产品质量的影响。研究结果表明:(1)整体上,补贴提高了中国企业出口产品质量。相对于制度较低的地区,制度越高的地区补贴越能促进企业出口产品质量的提高,并且制度较高的地区在高契约密集型行业、外资企业、民营企业、补贴强度高的企业中补贴的产品质量促进作用较大,而在低契约密集型行业、国有企业、补贴强度低的企业中补贴的产品质量促进作用较小。(2)使用中介效应模型验证了制度对促进补贴提高出口产品质量的作用通过改善补贴资源分配效率、提高研发投资、促进中间产品进口机制来实现。在控制内生性后,检验结果仍然具有稳健性。(3)进一步提出了地区制度建设以及完善补贴的资格审查、使用监督机制的建议。

This paper examines the impact of government subsidies on the quality of enterprise export products under the regional institutional conditions based on the enterprise samples of the statistical database of China’s industrial enterprises.The results show that:(1)overall,the government subsidies improve the quality of export products of China’s enterprises.Compared with the regions with the institution of lower quality,the subsidies can better promote the quality of export products in the regions with the institution of higher quality.Moreover,in the regions with the institution of higher quality,the government subsidies play a greater role in promoting product quality in the high-contract-intensive industries,foreign-funded enterprises,private enterprises and highly subsidized enterprises than in the low-contract-intensive industries,state-owned enterprises and enterprises with low subsidy intensity;(2)based on the mediating effect model,it is verified that the effect of the institution on the promotion of the subsidies to improve the quality of export products is achieved through improving the allocation efficiency of subsidy resources,increasing R&D investment and promoting the import mechanism of intermediate products.After controlling endogeneity,the test results are still robust;(3)this paper further puts forward suggestions for the regional institution construction,the improvement of the subsidy qualification review and the application of supervision mechanism.