三峡库区沿江口岸鼠类及其分子鉴定特征研究

Identification and molecular characterization of the rodent species in the ports along the Three Gorges Reservoir

目的以三峡库区沿江口岸捕获的鼠类为研究对象,应用DNA条形码技术进行鼠类鉴定,分析各种鼠类的分子鉴定特征。方法在三峡库区沿江口岸采集鼠类标本,并保存整只鼠体,制作标本用于形态学鉴定,采集肝脏或肌肉组织,提取DNA,采用通用引物PCR法扩增细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(COⅠ)基因,并测序。将测序结果与Gen Bank中其他鼠类的DNA条码进行Blast比对,并构建分子进化树。结果共捕获4种61只鼠类,其中42份样本通过PCR扩增获得特异性COⅠ基因条带,所构建的分子进化树结果与形态学鉴定结果一致,但不同口岸鼠类在分子进化水平存在一定差异。结论分子鉴定技术能够应用于对三峡库区口岸鼠类进行有效的物种鉴定。

Objective To identify rodent species in the ports along the Three Gorges Reservoir, using DNA barcoding and analysis the molecular characteristics of various rodents. Methods Liver or muscle tissue samples of rodents were collected from the study ports. The whole mice were also preserved and dissected. Genomic DNA was extracted for PCR amplification of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰ(CO Ⅰ)gene with consensus primers, followed by sequencing. Blast comparisons were performed between the obtained sequencing data and the DNA bar codes of other rodent species in the Gen Bank. A molecular evolutionary tree was built. Results 61 rodents were captured, including 4 species and 42 samples produced specific CO Ⅰgene bands by PCR amplification.The result of molecular evolutionary tree was unanimous from that of morphological identification. Conclusion Molecular identification can be used to effectively identify rodent species in the ports along the Three Gorges Reservoir.