民国新闻记者明星制度的形成与影响——以1920-30年代上海新闻记者“四大金刚”为中心的讨论

On the Origin and Effect of Star System of Journalism——A Case Study of “The Four Devarajas” of Journalists in Shanghai Journalism in 1920-30's

1920年代晚期,上海逐渐形成了报馆组织和报纸行业协同生产记者名望,大众与社会共同消费记者名望,藉此记者名望转变为各种物质性和精神性价值的过程和机制。这种明星记者制度既是新闻职业身份认同的内在需求,也是社会阶层上升性流动的外在表征,同时新闻记者化身社会名人亦是新闻媒体普及化和现代社会民主化历程的产物。

In 1920-30’s Shanghai,with personal struggling,media supporting and social needing,some journalists gradually gained fame from press circles,political circles to whole society.Journalists as celebrities were not only the internal needs of journalism professional identity,but also the external signs of social stratum ascending.Meanwhile Journalists as celebrities were the products of social democratization process and highly development of mass communication.