有机络合物对土壤磷素和金属离子活性影响研究进展

Advances in Effects of Organic Complex Matters on Phosphorus and Particulate Trace Metals in Soil

本文综述了有机络合物对土壤磷活化影响的研究状况及其对土壤金属离子活性影响的研究状况 ,并提出了今后研究方向和重点。有机络合物有促进土壤磷活化 ,减少磷固定和提高磷利用率的作用 ,其作用机制包括其能竞争和减少土壤磷的吸附位点 ,起酸溶解作用 ,改变胶体电荷 ,形成磷 -金属 -有机酸三元复合体等。而有机络合物对金属离子则表现为双重作用 ,即它们可能降低土壤金属离子的有效性或毒性 ,也可能增加其有效性、毒性或者没有明显影响。这种复杂作用与有机络合物本身的分子量和种类、作物种类。

The effects of organic complex on mobilization of soil phosphorus and particulate trace metals were summarised, the possible direction and priorify of the researches in this field were discussed. Organic complex matters can mobilize soil phosphorus, decrease phosphorus fixation and increase phosphorus utilization ratio through the mechanism of competing and decreasing the specific adsorption sites of phosphorus, resolving in acids, changing the charges of soil colloids, and forming the triple phosphorus-metal-organicacid complex. They might decrease or increase the availability or toxicity of the particulate trace metals according to the types of organic complex, crops, soils and so on.