2,4——二硝基乙苯的合成新工艺研究

A New Technology for Synthesis of 2,4-Dinitroethylbenzene

研究了 2 ,4—二硝基乙苯的合成。首先将乙苯用浓硝酸和浓硫酸配成混酸 (乙苯与浓硝酸、浓硫酸的摩尔比为 1∶2 .2 0∶.96)在 68～ 72℃硝化 3h ,然后用发烟硝酸和浓硫酸 ,在同样的温度下硝化 1h,可以获得 88.8%收率的 2 ,4—二硝基乙苯。同时对乙苯硝化制 2 ,4—二硝基乙苯中多种影响因素也进行了研究和讨论。

The synthesis of 2,4-Dinitroethylben -zene was studied. Ethylbenzene was nitrated with concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid (mole ratio of PhC 2H 5∶HNO 3∶H 2SO 4=1∶2.20∶ 2.96 ) at 68～72 ℃ for 3 hours at first,then nitrated with fuming nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid at 68～72 ℃ for 1 hours. 2,4-Dinitroethylbenzene could be obtained with a recovery rate of 88.8%. Some factors that influenced the nitration of ethylbenzene were also studied.