航天复合材料技术述评

Review of aerospace composite technology

阐述了复合材料在航天工程化应用中存在的新材料与"老材料"、性能与成本及一体化与分体成型3大矛盾关系,提出了目前亟待解决的材料性能数据库、空间环境效应、后加工等几个关键问题,并结合复合材料在航天器中应用情况分析了材料工艺的演化发展趋势。述评表明,无论是航天器平台结构与机构,还是通信、遥感、热控制、电源、推进、返回等分系统,都有大量复合材料成功应用的实例。但就工程化应用水平而言,目前尚处于在替代传统材料和解决可用性问题的较低阶段。最后指出,真正实现基于复合材料自身规律的产品设计,进一步实现高性能化、多功能化或结构功能一体化,将是航天复合材料前所未有的机遇和挑战。

The inconsistencies in the engineering applicationof aerospace composite, such asnew material and traditional material, performance and costs, integrated manufacturing and assembly connecting, are summarized. The urgent issues to be solved are suggested, including material properties database, space environment effect, machining. Additionally, development trends about material and technology are discussed, based on some typical products of composite materials. Reviews show that, there are numerous application cases for composite materials, whether spacecraft platform or payload subsystem. However, the engineering application is still at starting phase of substituting traditional materials to meet the product requirements.To realize product designing in accordance with compositeinternal rules and optimization of comprehensive performance, are opportunities and challenges to aerospace composite.