科学启蒙教育融入本科教育中的实践探索

THE CURRENT PRACTICE INTEGRATING THE ENLIGHTENMENT OF SCIENCE INTO UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION

本科教育是我国高等教育的主体,在高等教育结构中居中心地位。它不同于以升学为目的的初等教育,也不同于以研究、创新为目标的研究生教育。而科学是一种文化,是一个文明的重要组成部分。科学研究的目的是探寻现象背后的原因,发现现象背后不为众人所知的规律。科学启蒙教育包括学生科学发现意识的培养、科学探索的一般方法的教授和科学思维能力的训练。本文以卡诺循环为例说明目前上海交通大学将科学启蒙融入本科教育中的实践。

Undergraduate education is the main body of higher education in China,and occupies a central position in the structure of higher education.It differs from the primary education with the purpose of further education,and is different from the graduate education aiming at research and innovation.Science is a culture and an important part of a civilization.The purpose of scientific research is to explore the reasons behind the phenomenon,and find the natural law hiding in phenomenon.The scientific enlightenment education includes the training of the students' scientific discovery consciousness,the general method of scientific research and scientific thinking ability.This paper takes Carnot cycle as an example to illustrate the current practice of enlightenment education of science integrated into the undergraduate education of.Shanghai Jiao Tong University.