中、美大学物理先修课程教材的比较研究

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE AP PHYSICS COURSES TEXTBOOKS IN CHINA AND AMERICA

"中国大学先修课程(Chinese Advanced Placement Courses,简称CAP课程)"的物理教材作为我国CAP物理教学活动的基本媒介,对课程发展有着深刻的影响。本文选取张汉壮教授主编的《CAP物理(力学)》与美国"AP物理C-力学"的主流教材之一——Young&Freedman教授主编的《University Physics》中的"力学"部分,将两者作为比较对象,旨在为我国CAP课程教材的编撰工作提供一些参考,以推进CAP物理课程的建设和实施。通过中、美两国教材共同点和差异性的比较得出,我国CAP课程应确立清晰的培养目标,强化知识的实用性,关注基础知识和知识的过程性推导,加强CAP课程教材与高中教材的有效衔接,注重与生活相联系,培养学生分析、处理和解决问题的能力。

The“Chinese Advanced Placement Courses”(CAP courses)physics textbooks serve as the basic medium for the preliminaries of the teaching activities in CAP courses.It has a profound impact on the development of the curriculum.This article selects the“CAP physics(mechanics)”edited by Professor Zhang Hanzhuang and the“Mechanics”in“University Physics”edited by Young&Freedman.Using the two textbooks as comparison objects,which aims to provide some references for our country's corresponding textbook compilation work and promotes the construction and implementation of CAP physics courses.Through the comparison of the common points and differences between Chinese and American textbooks,it can be concluded that CAP courses should clearly define the curriculum training objectives,focusing on basic knowledge and the process of derivation of knowledge,enhancing the effective linkage between CAP Courses textbooks and high school textbooks,emphasizing the connection with life and developing students'ability to analyze problems and solve problems.