施氮对银杏叶产量及黄酮含量的影响

Effects of nitrogen application on leaf output and flavone content in ginkgo leaves

为探索施氮对叶用银杏叶片产量及叶黄酮含量的影响,按0,1 5,3 0,4 5和6 0g·株-1等5个水平进行施氮试验,结果表明:不同施氮水平对银杏叶产量及其构成因子有显著影响。施氮量在3 0g·株-1以下,氮的增施对叶产量、单叶面积、单株叶面积及单叶质量等均有良好的促进作用,以3 0g·株-1为最佳,超过3 0g·株-1时,苗木会受到毒害,以上各指标均下降;施氮对银杏叶片黄酮含量和黄酮总量均有显著的影响;5种施氮处理中,以1 5g·株-1的叶片黄酮含量和黄酮总量最大。1 5g·株-1可作为2年生银杏叶用园的推荐施用量,可望获得单位面积上较高的黄酮产量。

In order to study the effects of nitrogen application on leaf output and flavone concentration in leaves of ginkgo seedlings,twoyearold ginkgo seedlings were transplanted and grew in pot culture at five levels of nitrogen(N) supply:0,15,30,45 and 60 g·seedling-1.The results of the trial were showed as follows:①Different levels of nitrogen supply had remarkable effects on the leaf output and its component items.With increasing levels of N supply from 0 to 30 g·seedling-1 there were greater leaf output,singleleaf area,leaf area per seedling and singleleaf weight,while with increasing levels of N from 30 to 60 g·seedling-1 all of the items decreased,which indicated that seedlings were injured by excessive nitrogen supplies.②Different levels of nitrogen application marked effects both on flavone content in leaf and flavone yield in per seedling of ginkgo.Among five treatment of nitrogen application,the treatment 15 g·seedling-1 had greatest flavone content in leaf and flavone yield in per seedling.③15 g·seedling-1 should be recommended as the proper amount of nitrogen application for twoyearold leafproducing plantation of ginkgo,by which greater flavone yield in per unit area could be expected.