“人”的觉醒对传统文学原则的挑战——论龚自珍文学思想的近代意义

On modernity in Gong Zizhen's literary thoughts

龚自珍思想中最具近代意义的 ,是“人”的意识的觉醒和精神解放要求。以“心审论”为核心的文学“大变论”对传统原则提出挑战 ,意味着不同于古代“通变论”的新的发展观的萌育 ;“尊情说”冲破了“发乎情 ,止乎礼义”这一诗学规范的束缚 ;“道从史出”的“尊史尊心”论在“载道说”藩篱上打开缺口 ,为表现新的“道”开辟了通道 ;并相应提出变革文体的“三言”写作论。这些表现出反传统精神和开创意识的文学思想 ,不仅在中国文论史上特立卓异 。

The modernity in Gong Zizhen's literary thoughts was best shown by his thoughts of awakening of humanities and spiritual emancipation. He raised three kinds of views which all challenged the conventional principles. The view of 'judging by one's mind' promoted the ancient view of 'natural change' in literature. The view of 'respecting emotions' broke through the limitations of conventional rules in poetry. The view of 'respecting the history' opened a new way to gain truths. These views which are pioneering and original in Chinese literary theories are of great enlightening value to modern literature.