1PM-100型葡萄埋藤机的设计与试验

Design and experiment of 1PM-100 grape vine burying machine

为确保冬季葡萄安全越冬,每年必须将葡萄藤用土掩埋起来,是防止葡萄藤冬季冻伤和风干的有效措施。针对果园经济作物葡萄种植生产过程中人工埋藤作业劳动强度大、作业成本高、效率低等问题,根据葡萄埋藤的农艺要求,设计一种与22 kW以上拖拉机配套的1PM-100型葡萄埋藤机,该机主要由机架、挖土装置、覆土装置、传动系统、限深装置等功能部件组成。对该机的挖土装置和传动系统等关键部件进行相关理论分析,并对机具进行田间试验。试验表明:机具前进速度为2 km/h,取土沟一侧距葡萄藤距离为450 mm,挖土装置转速为200 r/min时,纯工作小时生产率为0.8 hm^2/h;挖土深度及覆土量大小可以根据用户需求方便调节,能够满足葡萄冬季埋藤的农艺要求,减轻劳动强度,降低作业成本。

In order to ensure that the winter grapes are safely wintering,it is necessary to bury the vines with soil every year,which is an effective measure to prevent frostbite and air drying in the winter.In view of the high labor intensity,high running cost and low efficiency of artificial vines in the production process of orchard cash crops,according to the agronomic requirements of vines,the 1 PM-100 grape vine burying machine with tractors of 22 kW has been designed.The machine is mainly composed of functional components such as frame,earth-moving device,earth-covering device,transmission system and depth-limiting device.The theoretical analysis of the key components such as the earthmoving device and the transmission system of the machine was carried out,and the field test was carried out on the machine.The test shows that the forward speed of the machine is 2 km/h,the distance from the vine to the vine is 450 mm,and the speed of the pure working hour is 0.8 hm^2/h when the speed of the earth-moving device is 200 r/min.The depth of excavation and the amount of soil cover can be easily adjusted according to user needs,which can meet the agronomic requirements of grape vines in winter,reduce labor intensity and reduce operating costs.