基于传递路径法的车辆驾驶室噪声优化——以某商用车为例

Optimization of cab noise in a commercial vehicle based on transfer path analysis

针对国产某重型商用车在怠速转速区间800~850 rpm时方向盘产生明显抖动的问题,基于传递路径的方法,对方向盘造成振动的原因进行分析,初步判断转向器的安装支架刚度不足导致振动传递到方向盘上,是造成驾驶室噪声过大的主要原因。通过对支架进行有限元优化,提高支架的刚度,分析表明提高该处的刚度能降低方向盘12点钟位置Z向加速度,从而有效降低驾驶室内噪声。改进支架后,进行实车测试,结果表明,提高支架的刚度后,方向盘上的振动比原来降低0.18 m/s^2,室内噪声降低2.5 dB(A),驾驶室噪声得到有效控制,证明该方法的有效性。

According to the problem that the steering wheel of the heavy-duty commercial vehicle has obvious jitter in the idle speed range of 800~850 rpm,based on the method of transmission path analysis,the cause of the vibration was analyzed.It was preliminarily judged that the stiffness of the steering bracket was insufficient to cause the vibration to be transmitted.And it was the main cause of excessive cab noise.Through the finite element optimization of the steering bracket,the stiffness of the bracket was improved.The analysis showed that increasing the stiffness of the steering bracket can reduce the Z-direction acceleration at the 12 o’clock position of the steering wheel,thereby effectively reducing the noise in the cab.After the steering bracket was improved,the actual vehicle test was carried out.The results showed that after the stiffness of the steering bracket was increased,the vibration on the steering wheel was reduced by 0.18 m/s^2 and the indoor noise was reduced by 2.5 dB(A).The cab noise was effectively controlled,which proved the effectiveness of the method.