基于SketchUp的建筑内部3D结构生成在消防中的应用

Application of Building Internal 3D Structure Generation in Firefighting Based on SketchUp

目前城市中大跨度大空间建筑大量涌现,其结构多样,地上地下错综复杂,一旦发生火灾等事故,容易形成立体燃烧,给火灾扑救、人员疏散、搜救等造成极大的困难。而对于这些重点场所的消防"六熟悉"工作,由于官兵岗位调动或兵员退补等情况,造成不断重复,已经熟悉的成果也不易继承和共享。针对大跨度大空间的复杂结构建筑,本研究提出一种基于Sketch Up软件,利用建筑CAD平面图纸、平面布局照片、卫星地图或航拍照片等快速生成建筑内部3D结构的方法,实现对消防安全重点单位建筑地上、地下内部3D结构的全方位展示,可用于辅助灭火救援科学指挥决策,提高灭火和搜救效率,辅助消防六熟悉和防火监督检查、制定数字化消防预案等。

At present,there are a large number of large-span and large-scale space buildings in cities,which are diverse in structure and intricately aboveground and underground. Once an accident such as a fire occurs,3 D combustion is likely to occur,causing great difficulties for fire suppression,personnel evacuation,and search and rescue. For the "six-familiar"work on fire in these key units,due to the redeployment of officers and soldiers,or the recruitment of soldiers,it is constantly repeated,and the already familiar results are not easy to inherit and share. For complex structures with large-span and large-scale space,we presented a method based on Sketch Up software to quickly generate the internal 3 D structure of the building by using CAD drawings,floor plan photos,satellite maps or aerial photographs. Thus,the all-round display of the internal 3 D structures above and below the ground of the fire high-risk units is realized,which can be used to assist the scientific command and decision-making of firefighting and rescue,improve fire extinguishing and search and rescue efficiency,assist "six familiar"and fire prevention supervision and inspection,and make digital firefighting plan.