藏药麻花秦艽不同部位提取物的镇痛和急性毒性作用比较研究

Comparative studies on acesodyne activity and acute toxicity of different fractions from Tibetan medicine of Gentiana straminea Maxim

目的比较麻花秦艽不同部位提取物的急性毒性及其镇痛作用。方法(1)甲醛致小鼠足疼痛反应:按照体重将小鼠分为6组:2个剂量实验-1组(灌胃麻花秦艽地上部分提取物10,30 g·kg^(-1)),2个剂量实验-2组(灌胃麻花秦艽地下部分提取物10,30 g·kg^(-1)),空白对照组(灌胃等量0. 5%羧甲基纤维素,CMC),阳性对照组(一次性腹腔注射吗啡30 mg·kg^(-1)),每组12只。每天2次,连续5次。末次给药后40 min,在小鼠右后足皮下注射5%甲醛30μL,观察并记录在注射后0～5 min、50～55 min的动物疼痛反应情况。(2)乙酸致小鼠扭体反应:分组与给药方法同(1)。末次末次给药后40 min,在小鼠腹腔注射0. 9%冰乙酸10μL·mg^(-1),观察并记录在注射冰乙酸后5～20 min的动物扭体次数。(3)急性毒性实验:5个剂量实验-1组分别灌胃麻花秦艽地上部分提取物72. 8,91. 2,113. 6,142. 4和177. 6 g·kg^(-1); 5个剂量实验-2组分别灌胃麻花秦艽地下部分提取物82. 0,102. 4,128. 0,160. 0和200. 0 g·kg^(-1),在给药后14 d内,观察并记录动物中毒表现和死亡情况。结果实验-1组与实验-2组对甲醛引起的2个时段的疼痛反应均无明显影响,但可抑制冰乙酸引起小鼠的扭体反应;实验-1组的LD50大于177. 6 g·kg^(-1),实验-2组的LD50为109. 80g·kg^(-1)。结论实验-1组与实验-2组均对小鼠具有一定的急性毒性作用,并有一定的镇痛作用。

Objective To observe the acesodyne activity and acute toxicity of the different fractions from Tibetan medicine of Gentiana straminea Maxim.( GSM). Methods( 1) Formaldehyde-induced pain response in mice: The mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to their weighting: Two doses of experiment-1 groups( 10,30 g·kg-1 of the subsurface extract of GSM),two doses of experiment-2 groups( 10,30 g·kg-1 of the underground extract of GSM),blank control group( an equal amount of 0. 5% carboxymethyl cellulose,CMC),2 times a day,5 times in a row;positive control group( received a single intraperitoneal injection of morphine 30 mg·kg-1),12 in each group. Forty min after the last administration,30 μL of 5% formaldehyde was injected subcutaneously into the right hind paw of the mice. The pain response of the animals during 0 min to 5 min and 50 min to 55 min after injection of formaldehyde was observed and recorded.( 2) Acetic acid-induced writhing in mice: Grouping and administration refer to( 1),12 in each group. Forty min after the last last administration,the mice were intraperitoneally injected with 0. 9% glacial acetic acid 10 μL·mg-1. The number of writhings of the animals during the 5 min to 20 min injection of glacial acetic acid was observed and recorded.( 3) Acute toxicity: Five doses of experiment-1 groups were administered with 72. 8,91. 2,113. 6,142. 4 and 177. 6 g·kg-1 of the subsurface extract of GSM;five doses of experiment-2 groups were administered with 82. 0,102. 4,128. 0,160. 0 and 200. 0 g·kg-1 of the underground ground extract of GSM,12 in each group. The poisoning performance and mortality of each animal within 14 d after administration were observed and recorded. Results There were no significant effect of experiment-1 groups and experiment-2 groups for 2 periods of pain caused by formaldehyde;but the GSM can inhibit the writhing response induced by glacial acetic acid in mice. The LD50 of experiment-1 group in mice is greater than 177. 6 g·kg-1,and the LD50 of experiment-2 group is 109. 80 g·kg-1. Conclusion All doses of GSM in the 2 groups had certain acute toxicity in mice. All doses of GSM had certain analgesic action.