美国贸易法301条款和337条款的法律审视——中美贸易中的法律角逐与对抗

The Legal review of the U.S.’ Trade Law of 301 Terms and 337 Terms——Legal competition and resistance in Sino-America trade

攻守全能的美国贸易法是美国用来拓展国外市场、坚守国内阵地的强有力的法律武器,其中,攻略'301条款'的核心是通过贸易报复强迫他国政府的内国贸易政策和美国的内国政策保持一致,具有明显的域外法律效力特点;守略'337条款'的核心是排除进口。'337调查'可能对一个或几个企业发起,'337条款'却可以导致该类所有的进口产品被禁止进入美国市场。近年来,由这两项法律制度发起的法律角逐与对抗在中美贸易中越来越多,我们必须充分研究美国这些贸易法律的核心内容及各自特点,积极有效地应对,最大限度地保护我国企业在中美贸易中的合法权益。

The offensive and defensive U.S.’Trade law is a kind of powerful legal weapon,which can not only expand overseas market but also hold fast to domestic market.For instance,the core of 301 Term is to force foreign government’domestic trade policy keep pace with U.S.’domestic’s trade policy by the trade reprisal.It seals with obvious character of extraterritorial legal effect.The core of 337 term is excluding imports.The Investigation of 337 may initiate to one or several enterprises,but it may forbid all imported product of this kind to enter the American market.In recent years,the legal competition and resistance initiated by these two legal system in Sino-America trade become more and more.In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of our enterprises in Sino-America trade to the greatest extent,we must abundantly research the core of all kinds of American legal weapons in trade,and respond to prosecutions positively and effectively.